Correction of errors on the birth certificate
To change the first name and correction of minor clerical errors, this can be done through an administrative petition with the Local Civil Registrar of the place of birth or residence, under Republic Act No. 9048. For substantial errors such as errors on gender and sex change there is a need for an adversarial proceedings by filing a petition to effect the changes. On the other hand, if it is a cancellation or correction of entries involving (a) births; (b) marriages; (c) deaths; (d) legal separations; (e) judgments of annulments of marriage; (f) judgments declaring marriages void from the beginning; (g) legitimations; (h) adoptions; (i) acknowledgments of natural children; (j) naturalization (k) election, loss or recovery of citizenship (l) civil interdiction; (m) judicial determination of filiation; (n) voluntary emancipation of a minor; and (o) changes of name this can be done by filing a petition for the cancellation or correction of entries of the civil registry records under Rule 108 of the Rules of Court. The cancellation or correction can be allowed upon good and valid grounds.
Remedy to change the child’s surname to that of the mother in case of child registered after the surname of the father, to whom the mother is not married and abandoned them.
Rule 108 of the Rules of Court refers to cancellation and/or correction of entries in the Certificate of Live Birth. If there is good and valid ground the entries can be canceled and/or corrected.
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